Background & motivation
Reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI), dual-fuel concept, achieves high thermal
efficiency (~55%) & ultra-low NOX and Soot and adapts various low or zero carbon fuels
Challenges: limited-load range, combustion stability, excessive hydrocarbon emissions limit
efficient RCCI operations
Variable valve actuation (VVA) addresses these challenges by flexibly regulating in-
cylinder thermodynamic and mixing conditions [1] unlock a broader operating window of
ultra-efficient RCCI combustion [2]
However, VVA’s potential has not been fully investigated in the marine engine platform
(efficient turbocharging system and high thermal inertia) + VVA significantly increases
calibration and optimization complexity.